The Shahi, Sahi, also called Shahiya dynasties rule one of the Middle kingdoms of India which includes portions of Kabulistan and the old province of Gandhara (now in northern Pakistan), from the decline of the Kushan Empire in the 3rd century to the early 9th century.

The kingdom is known as "Kabul Shahi" between 565 and 879 when they have Kapisa and Kabul as their capitals, and later as Hindu Shahi.

The Shahis of Kabul/Gandhara are generally divided into the two eras of the so-called Buddhist-Shahis and the so-called Hindu-Shahis, with the changeover thought to have occurred sometime around 870.