The Roman Kingdom (Latin: Regnum Romanum) is the period of the ancient Roman civilization characterized by a monarchical form of government of the city of Rome and its territories.Little is certain about the history of the Roman Kingdom, as nearly no written records from that time survive, and the histories about it were written during the Republic and Empire and are largely based on legend.

However, the history of the Roman Kingdom begins with the city's founding, traditionally dated to 753 BCE, with settlements around the Palatine Hill along the river Tiber in Central Italy, and ends with the overthrow of the kings and the establishment of the Republic in about 509 BCE.