Qataban is one of the ancient Yemeni kingdoms.

Its heartland is located in the Baihan valley.

Like some other Southern Arabian kingdoms it gains great wealth from the trade of frankincense and myrrh incense which are burned at altars.

The capital of Qataban is named Timna and is located on the trade route which passes through the other kingdoms of Hadramaut, Sheba and Ma'in.

The chief deity of the Qatabanians is Amm, or "Uncle" and the people called themselves the "children of Amm".It is the most prominent Yemeni kingdom in the 2nd half of the 1st millennium BCE, when its ruler holds the title of the South Arabian hegemon, MKRB.