The Province of New Jersey is one of the Middle Colonies of Colonial America and becomes the U.S. state of New Jersey in 1776.

The province had originally been settled by Europeans as part of New Netherland, but came under English rule after the surrender of Fort Amsterdam in 1664, becoming a proprietary colony.

The English then renamed the province after the Isle of Jersey in the English Channel.

The Dutch Republic reasserted control for a brief period in 1673–1674.

After that it consisted of two political divisions, East Jersey and West Jersey, until they are united as a royal colony in 1702.

The original boundaries of the province are slightly larger than the current state, extending into a part of the present state of New York, until the border is finalized in 1773.