The Peiligang culture is a name given by archaeologists to a group of Neolithic communities in the Yi-Luo river basin in Henan Province, China.

The culture exists from 7000 BCE to 5000 BCE.

Over 70 sites have been identified with the Peiligang culture.

The culture is named after the site discovered in 1977 at Peiligang (in Xinzheng county).

Archaeologists think that the Peiligang culture was egalitarian, with little political organization.The culture practiced agriculture in the form of cultivating millet and animal husbandry in the form of raising pigs.

The culture is also one of the oldest in ancient China to make pottery.The site at Jiahu is one of the earliest sites associated with this culture.