Palæstina Secunda or Palaestina II is a Byzantine province from 390,until its conquest by the Muslim armies in 634-636.

Palaestina Secunda, a part of the Diocese of the East, roughly comprises the Galilee, Yizrael Valley, Bet Shean Valley and southern part of the Golan plateau, with its capital in Scythopolis (Bet Shean).

The province experiences the rise of Christianity under the Byzantines, but is also a thriving center of Judaism, after the Jews had been driven out of Judea by the Romans in the first and second centuries.