Nilotic peoples are peoples indigenous to the Nile Valley that speak Nilotic languages, which comprise a large sub-group of the Nilo-Saharan languages and are spoken in South Sudan, Uganda, Kenya, and northern Tanzania and including Masai.

The Nilotic peoples include the Luo, Kalenjin, Dinka, Nuer, Shilluk, Ateker, and the Maa-speaking peoples, each of which is a cluster of several ethnic groups.

Nilotes form the majority of the population in South Sudan, which is believed to be their original point of dispersal.

They also constitute the second-largest group of peoples inhabiting the African Great Lakes region (after the Bantu peoples), with a notable presence in southwestern Ethiopia as well.Nilotes primarily adhere to Christianity and traditional faiths, including the Dinka religion.