The Kingdom of Naple, comprising the southern part of the Italian Peninsula, is the remainder of the old Kingdom of Sicily after the secession of the island of Sicily as a result of the Vespers of 1282 It continues to be officially known as the Kingdom of Sicily, although it no longer includes the island of Sicily.

For much of its existence, the realm is contested between French and Spanish dynasties.

In 1816, it is reunified with the island kingdom of Sicily once again to form the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.