Muisca is the Chibcha-speaking tribe that forms the Muisca Confederation of the central highlands of present-day Colombia.

They were encountered by the Spanish Empire in 1537, at the time of the conquest.

The Muisca comprise two confederations: the Hunza (Tunja) of the northern area, whose sovereign is the Zaque; and the Bacatá of the southern area, whose sovereign is the Zipa.

Both confederations are located in the highlands[clarification needed] of modern-day Cundinamarca and Boyacá (Altiplano Cundiboyacense) in the central area of Colombia's Eastern Range.The territory of the Muisca spans an area of 46,972 square kilometers (18,136 sq mi) (a region slightly larger than Switzerland) from the north of Boyacá to the Sumapaz Páramo and from the summits of the Eastern Range to the Magdalena Valley.

It borders the territories of the Panches and Pijaos tribes.At the time of the Spanish Conquest, the area had a large population, but the precise number of inhabitants is unknown.

The languages of the Muisca were dialects of Chibchan, also called Muysca and Mosca, which belong to the Chibchan-Paezan language family.

The economy was based on agriculture, metalworking and manufacturing.