Montanism is an early Christian movement of the late 2nd century, later referred to by the name of its founder, Montanus, but originally known by its adherents as the New Prophecy.

It originates in Phrygia, a province of Asia Minor, and flourishes throughout the region, leading to the movement being referred to elsewhere as Cataphrygian (meaning it was "from Phrygia") or simply as "Phrygians".

It spreads rapidly to other regions in the Roman Empire at a time before Christianity is generally tolerated or legal.

It persists in some isolated places into the 6th century.Although it comes to be labelled a heresy, the movement holsd similar views about the basic tenets of Christian doctrine to those of the wider Christian Church.

It is a prophetic movement that calls for a reliance on the spontaneity of the Holy Spirit and a more conservative personal ethic.

Parallels have been drawn between Montanism and modern day movements such as Pentecostalism, the charismatic movement, and the New Apostolic Reformation.