The Livonians or Livs are the indigenous inhabitants of Livonia, a large part of what is today northwestern Latvia and southwestern Estonia.

They speak the Uralic Livonian language, a language which is closely related to Estonian and Finnish.

As of 2010, there was one person known to have learned Livonian as her mother tongue.

Historical, social and economic factors, together with the ethnically dispersed population, have resulted in the diminution of the Livonian population, with only a small group surviving in the 21st century.