The Karluks are a prominent nomadic Turkic tribe residing in the regions of Kara-Irtysh (Black Irtysh) and the Tarbagatai Mountains west of the Altay Mountains in Central Asia.

They are also known as the Gelolu.

They are closely related to the Uyghurs.

Karluks give their name to the distinct Karluk group of the Turkic languages, which also includes the Uyghur, Uzbek, and Ili Turki languages.