Italian Somaliland (Somali: Dhulka Talyaaniga ee Soomaalida), sometimes also referred to as Italian Somalia, is a colony of the Kingdom of Italy in present-day northeastern, central and southern Somalia.

Ruled in the nineteenth century by the Somali Majeerteen Sultanate and the Sultanate of Hobyo, the territory is later acquired in the 1880s by Italy through various treaties.

In 1936, the region is integrated into Italian East Africa as part of the Italian Empire.

This will last until 1941, during the Second World War.

Italian Somaliland then comes under British military administration until 1949, when it becomes a United Nations trusteeship, the Trust Territory of Somaliland under Italian administration.

On July 1, 1960, the Trust Territory of Somaliland unites as scheduled with the former British Somaliland protectorate to form the Somali Republic.