In medieval history, Ifriqiya or Ifriqiyah is the area comprising what is today Tunisia, as well as Tripolitania (western Libya) and the Constantinois (eastern Algeria).

This area includes what had been the Roman province of Africa, whose name it inherited.Ifriqiya is bounded on the south by the semiarid areas and salt marshes called el-Djerid.

At various times, the rulers of this area also conquer Sicily; the western boundary is in continual flux but usually goes as far as Bejaia.

Its capital is Qayrawan (Kairouan) in central Tunisia.From their base in Kairouan, the Aghlabids conquer Sicily, beginning in 827 and establishing the Emirate of Sicily, which lasts until it is displaced by the Normans, effecting lasting changes in Sicilian culture.