The Fatimid Caliphate is the fourth Islamic caliphate.

Its sovereignty spans a large area of North Africa, from the Red Sea in the east to the Atlantic Ocean in the west.

The dynasty rules across the Mediterranean coast of Africa and ultimately makes Egypt the center of the caliphate.

The Fatimids are mainly descended from Fatima, the daughter of Prophet Muhammad.

The Fatimid state takes shape among the Berber Kutama, the people of Algeria.

In 909, Fatimid establishes the Tunisian city of Mahdia as their capital.