The Kingdom of the Iberians, a medieval Eurasian monarchy under the Bagrationi dynasty, emerges circa CE 888, succeeding the Principality of Iberia, in the historical region of Tao-Klarjeti, or upper Iberia, in north-eastern Turkey as well parts of modern southwestern Georgia, that stretches from the Iberian gates in the south and to the Lesser Caucasus in the north.

Historically, the area comprises the following historical districts: West of the Arsiani Mountains are Tao, Klarjeti, Nigali, and Shavsheti, to the east lie Meskheti, Erusheti, Javakheti, Artaani, Abotsi, Kola and Basiani.

The landscape is characterized by mountains and the river-systems of the Çoruh and the Kura.

The region plays a crucial role in the unification of all Georgian lands and principalities into the Kingdom of Georgia in 1008.