In Swiss history, the Helvetic Republic (1798–1803) represents an early attempt to impose a central authority over Switzerland, which until this time has consisted mainly of self-governing cantons united by a loose military alliance, and conquered territories such as Vaud.

Its name is taken from the Helvetian people.A constitutional arrangement imposed by French military might, the Republic exists as a state for only five years but fails to achieve widespread popular support among its citizens.

However, some aspects of it have survived into present-day Switzerland.