Hebrews is an ethnonym used in the Hebrew Bible.

It is mostly taken as synonymous with Israelites, especially in the pre-monarchic period when they were still nomadic, but in some instances it may also be used in a wider sense, referring to the groups known to the Egyptians as Habiru or Shasu during the Egyptian Empire on the eve of the Bronze Age collapse.By the Roman era, Greek Hebraios could refer to the Jews in general, but more specifically to the Jews living in Judea.

In Early Christianity, the Greek term refers to Jewish Christians, as opposed to the gentile Christians (Acts 6:1).