The Guanahatabey (also spelled Guanajatabey) are an indigenous people of western Cuba at the time of European contact.

Archaeological and historical studies suggest the Guanahatabey were archaic hunter-gatherers with a distinct language and culture from their neighbors, the Taíno.

They may have been a relict of an earlier culture that spread widely through the Caribbean before the ascendance of the agriculturalist Taíno.