Ghilzai (meaning: Hill-man) are the largest Pashtun tribal confederacy found in Afghanistan and Pakistan.

They are also known historically as Ghilji, Khilji, Ghalji, Ghilzye, and possibly Gharzai.

These Pashtun people are located mainly in southeastern Afghanistan, between Nangarhar and Kabul, and extending eastwards towards the Suleiman Mountains into Pakistan.

In Afghanistan per se, they are the second largest Pashtun tribal confederation after the Abdali/Durrani.