The Gallaeci or Callaeci are a Celtic people who inhabit Gallaecia, the region roughly corresponding to what is now Galicia, North of Portugal and Western Asturias, through the Roman period.

They speak a Q-Celtic language related to Celtiberian, usually called Gallaic or Northwestern Hispano-Celtic, and probably also Lusitanian or some other Indo-European languages.

Archaeologically, they are the descents of local Atlantic Bronze Age peoples (1300–700 BCE).

During the Iron Age they receive several influences, from Central and Western Europe (Hallstatt and, to a lesser extent, La Tène culture), and from the Mediterranean (Phoenicians and Carthaginians).

The Gallaeci dwell in hill forts (locally called castros), and the archaeological culture they develop is called "Castro culture" (Hill-forts culture).

They are finally annexed by Caesar Augustus during the Cantabrian Wars, a war which initiates a period of assimilation into a Gallaecian-Roman culture.