The Kingdom of Galicia is a political entity located in southwestern Europe, which at its territorial zenith occupiea the entire northwest of the Iberian Peninsula.

Founded by Suebic king Hermeric in 409, the Galician capital is established in Braga, being the first kingdom that adopts Catholicism officially and mints its own currency (year 449).

After the temporal rule of the Visigothic monarchs (585–711), Galicia becomes a part of the newly founded Christian kingdoms of the northwest of the peninsula, Asturias and León, while occasionally achieving independence under the authority of its own kings.

Compostela becomes capital of Galicia in the 11th century, while the independence of Portugal (1128) determines its southern boundary.

The accession of Castilian King Ferdinand III to the Leonese kingdom in 1230 brings Galicia under the control of the Crown of Castile, the kingdom of Galicia becoming an administrative division within the larger realm.Galicia resists central control, supporting a series of alternative claimants, including John of León, Galicia and Seville (1296), Ferdinand I of Portugal (1369) and John of Gaunt (1386), and is not brought firmly into submission until the Catholic Monarchs impose the Santa Hermandad in Galicia.

The kingdom of Galicia is then administered within the Crown of Castile (1490–1715) and later the Crown of Spain (1715–1833) by an Audiencia Real directed by a Governor which holds also the office of Captain General.

The representative assembly of the Kingdom is at this time the Junta or Cortes of the Kingdom of Galicia, which briefly declares itself sovereign when Galicia alone remains free of Napoleonic occupation (1808–1809).

The kingdom and its Juntaare dissolved by Maria Cristina of Bourbon-Two Sicilies in 1834.