The Curonians or Kurs are a Baltic tribe living on the shores of the Baltic sea in what is now western parts of Latvia and Lithuania from the 5th to the 16th centuries, when they were assimilated.

They gave their name to the region of Courland (Kurzeme), and they spoke the Old Curonian language.

Curonian lands were conquered by the Livonian Order in 1266 and they eventually merged with other Baltic tribes participating in the ethnogenesis of Lithuanians and Latvians.

Direct descendents of the Curonians include Kuršininkai of the Curonian Spit and the so-called Curonian Kings of Courland.