The Crown of the Kingdom of Poland (Polish: Korona Królestwa Polskiego; Latin: Corona Regni Poloniae) is a political and legal concept formed in the 14th century in the Kingdom of Poland, assuming unity, indivisibility and continuity of the state. Under this idea, the state is no longer seen as the patrimonial property of the monarch or dynasty, but becomesa common good of the political community of the kingdom. This notion allows the state to maintain stability even during periods of interregnum and paves the way for a unique political system in Poland, characterized by a noble-based parliament and the free election of the monarch. Additionally, the concept of the Crown extends beyond existing borders, asserting that previously lost territories still rightfully belong  to it. The term Crown of the Kingdom of Poland also refers to all the lands under the rule of the Polish king. This meaning becomes especially significant after the union with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, when it begins to be commonly used to denote the Polish part of the joint Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

The idea of the Crown in Central Europe first appeared in Bohemia and Hungary, from where the model was taken by kings Ladislaus the Short and Casimir III the Great to strengthen their power. During the reign of Louis the Great in Poland, who spent most of his time in Hungary, as well as during the interregnum following his death and the regency during the minority of his daughter Jadwiga, the idea was adopted by the lords of the kingdom to emphasize their own role as co-responsible for the state.[7]