Lower Burma is a geographic region of Burma (Myanmar) and includes the low-lying Irrawaddy delta (Ayeyarwady, Bago and Yangon Regions), as well as coastal regions of the country (Rakhine and Mon States and Tanintharyi Region).In the Burmese language, people originating from Upper Burma are typically called a-nya tha, whereas those from Lower Burma are called auk tha.Historically, Lower Burma refers to the part of Burma annexed by the British Empire after the end of the Second Anglo-Burmese War in 1852, plus the former kingdom of Arakan and the territory of Tenasserim which the British had taken control of in 1826.

Lower Burma is centered at Rangoon, and comprises of all of the coast of modern Burma, and also the lower basin of the Irrawaddy River, including Prome.

Until the early 1800s, Lower Burma is predominantly populated by the Mon and Karen tribes and is a historical stronghold of the Mon people