The Diocese of Africa is a diocese of the later Roman Empire, incorporating the provinces of North Africa, except Mauretania Tingitana.

Its seat is at Carthage, and it is subordinate to the Praetorian prefecture of Italy.The diocese includes the provinces of Africa proconsularis (also known as Zeugitana), Byzacena, Mauretania Sitifensis, Mauretania Caesariensis, Numidia Cirtensis, Numidia Militiana and Tripolitania.

In current geopolitical terms, the Diocese of Africa includes the entire coastline of Algeria and Tunisia, with some mountainous hinterlands, plus the western half of Libya's coastline.The diocese exists from the time of the Diocletianian and Constantinian reforms in the last years of the 3rd century until it is overrun by the Vandals in the 430s.

The provincial organizations are retained under the Vandals, and after their defeat and the reconquest of Africa by the Eastern Roman Empire in the Vandalic War, they are grouped anew, but this time in a praetorian prefecture.