…Moscow itself, …

…Mikhail goes to the Golden Horde, where the Khan, Toqta, elevates him to the supreme position among Russian princes, as is consistent with the Rota System of collateral succession that has been practiced in Rus since the time of Yaroslav the Wise.

King Wenceslaus II of Bohemia arrives in Hungary in the summer of 1304 in order to help his son to strengthen his rule in the kingdom.

However, the King of Bohemia has to realize soon that his son's position in Hungary is unstable; therefore he decides to retreat and his son follows him.

On hearing of his opponents’ retreat, Charles makes an alliance with Duke Rudolph III of Austria and they attack Bohemia but as they are unable to occupy Kutná Hora and gain control of the silver mines here, Charles has to retreat to Hungary.

Albert demands of Wenceslas that he renounce any claim and remove his son from the Hungarian throne, to which the Hungarian diet had elected him in 1301.

When Wenceslas refuses, Albert launches an invasion of Bohemia in 1304.

Wladyslaw Lokietek (the Elbow-High) of Kujavia, the third son of the late Kazimierz I Kujawski, Duke of Leczyca, Sieradz and Cuiavia had inherited Cuiavia, while the remaining two duchies had gone to his brothers, Leszek Czarny (the Black) and Kazimierz II of Leczyca.

However, following the deaths of both brothers, the entire inheritance had passed to Władyslaw, who then began the task of reuniting the Kingdom of Poland.

His next step is to win Lesser Poland, for which he has had to contest the local prince, Przemysl II.

Following the death of Przemysl in 1296, Wladyslaw had proclaimed himself his successor and established himself in Lesser Poland, as well as in Pomerania.

While Wladyslaw enjoys the support of the Lesser Polish peasants, knights and part of the clergy who prefer a prince from the domestic Piast dynasty, he had had to defer to Wenceslaus II of Bohemia, King of Bohemia and of Bohemia, who has the support of the local lords.

Following the unexpected death of Vaclav, who had possessed the Polish crown since 1300, Wladyslaw, supported by his Hungarian allies, enters Lesser Poland with an army of his supporters, which, according to the fifteenth-century historian Jan Dlugosz, consisted of more peasants than knights.

The Bulgarians, continuing their drive south, take Agathopolis (Ahtopol) in 1304.

The imperial counterattack fails at the battle of Skafida near Sozopolis, where the co-emperor Michael IX Palaiologos is turned to flight.

The imperial army has an advantage in the beginning and manages to push the Bulgarians across the river.

They are so infatuated with the chase of the retreating soldiers that they crowd on the bridge, which had been sabotaged before the battle by the Bulgarians, and breaks down.

The river is very deep at this place and many imperial soldiers panic and drown, which helps the Bulgarians snatch victory from defeat.

The Bulgarians capture many imperial soldiers and, according to custom, release the common soldiers and hold only the nobles for ransom.

Nevertheless, the war continues, with Michael IX and Theodore Svetoslav taking turns pillaging each other's lands.

The Mongols, having attacked in force during the past decade, had attacked again at the worst time possible for Alauddin Khilji, when he is busy laying siege to Chittor.

This time the Mongols travel light.

An army of twelve thousand under Targhi’s leadership has trickled into India like a shadow and moved to Delhi at a pace that is astonishing even by Mongol standards.

Such is the swiftness of the attack that many governors cannot send their troops to Delhi in time.

Alauddin Khilji is forced to duck into Siri and stay put for about two months as the Mongols pillage not only the surrounding areas, but Delhi itself.

However they cannot get into Siri.

Although minor skirmishes are fought, a decisive win eludes both parties.

Alauddin Khilji stubbornly remains in his seemingly impregnable fortress for months until Targhi loses interest and orders his restless army to withdraw to Central Asia where the Mongol power is concentrated and from which they cannot afford to be away for too long.

Alauddin Khilji has the forts along the border strengthened and equipped with larger garrisons, building new, more effective fortifications along this area.

A new army, with its own special governor, is created with the charge of managing and guarding the border areas.

The Mongols suddenly appear a few months later in the Punjab under the leadership of Ali Beg and Tartaq, and ...

…the neighborhood of Amroha.

The Mongols plunder the Punjab and burn everything to cinders along the way, but this time Alauddin Khilji is ready for them.

dispatching a strong army led by two of his toughest generals, Ghazi Malik and the famous Malik Kafur.

They surprise the Mongols on their way back to Central Asia with their plunder and defeat them.