Wenceslaus II Premyslid (Czech: Václav II.

; Polish: Wacław II Czeski), King of Bohemia from 1278 and Duke of Cracow from 1291, is the only son of King Ottokar II "the Great" of Bohemia and Ottokar's second wife Kunigunda, the daughter of Rostislav, lord of Slavonia, son of a Grand Duke of Kiev and Anna of Hungary, daughter of Béla IV of Hungary.

His great-grandfather was the German king Philip of Swabia.

Wenceslaus's father had died in battle August 26, 1278, shortly before the boy’s seventh birthday.

Before Wenceslaus became of age, the government had been handled by Otto IV, Margrave of Brandenburg, who is said to have held Wenceslaus captive in several locations.

Later, his mother's secret husband, Záviš of Falkenštejn, had ruled for him.

On January 24, 1285, Wenceslaus had married Judith of Habsburg, daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Rudolf I, to whom he had been betrothed since 1276.

Wenceslaus had had Záviš beheaded in 1290 for alleged treason and began ruling independently.

Przemysl II, High Duke of Poland, had ceded to Wenceslaus the sovereign duchy of Krakow in the following year.

Kraków is associated with the overlordship of Poland, but Przemysł had retained the other duchies and in 1295 been crowned King of Poland.

After Przemysł's death the following year, Wenceslaus had become overlord of Poland.

At a ceremony in Mainz in 1300, he is crowned King of Poland by German King Albert I of the Holy Roman Empire.