The words of God, as revealed to Muhammad between about 610 and 632, have coalesced into the Quran (Arabic: “the reading”).

Muhammad continues his political and military involvements, making arrangements with nomad tribes prepared to accept Islam and dispatching expeditions against groups hostile to conversion.

He drives the Jews from the Hejaz, and makes Medina the administrative capital of the new Islamic state.

Islam has spread rapidly throughout Arabia, as military campaigns and marriage pacts among converted tribes forge a united Islamic society.

According to several of the hadiths, Muhammad makes a final pilgrimage in March 632 to Mecca, whose citizens have allowed him to establish as the holy city of Islam.

In his sermon during the pilgrimage, Muhammad testifies that he has fulfilled his mission by leaving behind Allah's (God's) Book: the Quran and the Sunnah (Arabic: ”custom”) of the Prophet.