The War of the Lombards is a civil war in the Kingdom of Jerusalem and the Kingdom of Cyprus between the "Lombards" (also called the imperialists), the representatives of the Emperor Frederick II, largely from Lombardy, and the native aristocracy, led first by the Ibelins and then by the Montforts.

The war is provoked by Frederick's attempt in 1228 to control the regency for his young son, Conrad II of Jerusalem.

Frederick and Conrad represent the Hohenstaufen dynasty.

The war will last fifteen years.

The Sixth Crusade, beginning only seven years after the failure of the Fifth Crusade, starts in 1228 as an attempt to reconquer Jerusalem by the Holy Roman Empire and the Crusader States.

The Muslims relinquish Jerusalem, Nazareth, Sidon, Jaffa, and Bethlehem to the Crusaders but continue to retain the Temple Mount.

Jerusalem will in 1244 be captured by the displaced Khwarezmians, sparking the Seventh Crusade.