Mesopotamian peoples worship nature gods in human form, each god having a city temple consecrated to him, or her.

The gods of the cities form a democratic council, or pantheon, and reflect political relations between the nation-states.

Mesopotamia’s four main gods are Anu, the supreme god of heaven; Enlil, god of the winds; Ninhursag, goddess of earth and mother goddess, and Enki, or Ea, god of the waters.

Inanna, who can be considered the most prominent female deity in ancient Mesopotamia, was associated with the city of Uruk as early as the Uruk period (around 4000 to 3100 BCE).