The Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War or Great War occurs between 1409 and 1411, pitting the allied Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania against the Teutonic Knights.

Inspired by the local Samogitian uprising, the war begins by Teutonic invasion of Poland in August 1409.

As neither side is ready for a full-scale war, Wenceslaus, King of the Romans, brokers a nine-month truce.

After the truce expires in June 1410, the military-religious monks are decisively defeated in the Battle of Grunwald (Tannenberg), one of the largest battles in medieval Europe.

Most of the Teutonic leadership is killed or taken prisoner.

While defeated, the Teutonic Knights withstand the siege on their capital in Marienburg (Malbork) and suffer only minimal territorial losses in the Peace of Thorn, concluded in 1411.

Territorial disputes will last until the Peace of Melno of 1422.

However, the Knights will never recover their former power and the financial burden of war reparations causes internal conflicts and economic decline in their lands.

The war shifts the balance of power in Eastern Europe and marks the rise of the Polish–Lithuanian union as the dominant power in the region.

The Hunger War or Famine War is a brief conflict between the allied Kingdom of Poland, and Grand Duchy of Lithuania, against the Teutonic Knights in summer 1414 in an attempt to resolve territorial disputes.

The war earns its name from destructive scorched earth tactics followed by both sides.

While the conflict ends without any major political results, famine and plague sweep through Prussia.

According to Johann von Posilge, eighty-six knights of the Teutonic Order die from plague following the war.

In comparison, about four hundred knights had perished in the Battle of Grunwald.