Other Jesuits fleeing the Guaira missions set up missions among the Itatín people on the eastern bank of the Rio Paraguai in what is now Mato Grosso do Sul, only to be destroyed brutally by bandeirantes in the 1630s and 1640s.

Only twenty-two of forty-eight missions remain in the whole region by 1650.

The Jesuits stop the slave hunters in the south by arming and training the Guaraní, who deal a significant blow to their oppressors in the Battle of Mborore in 1641.

This victory ensure the continued existence of the southern Spanish missions for another century, although they will become a focal point of Portuguese-Spanish conflict in the 1750s.

Broadly speaking, the Battle of Mborore stabilizes the general boundary lines between the Portuguese and the Spanish in the south.