The Lipka Rebellion, a mutiny of several choragwie (regiments) of Lipka Tatar cavalry in 1672, which had been serving in the forces of the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth since the fourteenth century, involves between two thousand and three thousand Tatar soldiers, although exact numbers have not been established.

The immediate cause of the rebellion is arrears of payment of soldiers' wages, although increasing restrictions on their established privileges and religious freedoms also play a role.

Notably, only those Tatar units serving in the army of the Crown rebel, but not the units which serve in the army of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

Some sources also state that an unknown number of Chermis, who had been deprived of livelihood by the Chmielnicki Uprising, also joined the rebellion.

As a result of the rebellion, the Lipkas become subjects of the Ottoman Sultan Mehmed IV.

Initially, the mutinied units join forces with Ottoman allied Cossack Hetman Petro Doroshenko and await the anticipated invasion of the Commonwealth by the Sultan's army.

During the campaign of the Polish-Ottoman War the rebels serve as guides and scouts for the Sultan's main army as they are very familiar with the terrain, and as a result cause great harm to the Polish-Lithuanian war effort.

The leader of the mutiny, rotmistrz (rotamaster) Aleksander Kryczynski, is made the Bey of Bar by the Sultan as a reward for his defection.

While the main Turkish army besieges Kamieniec Podolski, the Tatar units pillages and burns the surrounding areas of Podolia.

On several occasions the Lipkas, dressed in Polish uniforms, would ride into Polish villages as allies, then quickly attack and capture the surprised inhabitants.