The Brazilian republic's first decade is one of turmoil.

It appears to be a pattern of Brazilian history that seemingly peaceful regime changes are followed by long periods of adjustment, often scarred by violence.

Years of "regime change" in 1889, 1930, and 1964 will introduce protracted adjustment that involves some authoritarian rule.

Curiously, because the violence will occur over long periods, usually without overturning the government in Rio de Janeiro or Brasilia, Brazil will acquire an undeserved reputation for having a nonviolent history of political and social compromise.