The Hasideans trace their origins to the so-called Hasidim ha-Rishonim ("early pious men") of the fourth century BCE, members of Judean agricultural communities who followed the teachings of simple piety and brotherly love.

Rebelling against Hellenistic influences, the Hasideans emphasize a meticulous observance of their own traditions.

The apolitical Hasideans, satisfied with the victory of the Jewish faith, withdraw from further fighting, as the Jews have secured liberty of conscience and worship.

At the same time, the regular practice of pagan worship, beside the Jewish, has been established, and a Seleucid nominee is appointed high priest.

The seeds of fresh revolt thus laid, the war soon resumes.

Judas almost immediately again takes the field, at one point sending a six-member delegation to Rome to seek help.