The fabled Yellow Emperor of the legendary Xia, or Hsia, Dynasty is a cultural hero who Chinese mythology regards as the ancestor of all Han Chinese.

Among his other accomplishments, the Yellow Emperor has been credited with the invention of the principles of Traditional Chinese medicine, and to have invented the earliest form of the Chinese calendar: its current sexagenary cycles are counted based on his reign.

Also attributed to him is the yellow bell, or huang chung, the name given to the absolute (fixed) pitch produced by a bamboo pipe of set length.