The Chapel of Our Lady of the Conception (1532–1540): A Masterpiece of Portuguese Renaissance Architecture

The Chapel of Our Lady of the Conception (Nossa Senhora da Conceição), located in Tomar, central Portugal, is one of the finest examples of pure Renaissance architecture in Portugal. Built between 1532 and 1540, the chapel was originally intended as the burial site for King John III, though he was later interred elsewhere.

Architectural Design and Construction

• Construction began in 1532, led by João de Castilho, one of Portugal’s foremost architects, known for his work on the Jerónimos Monastery in Lisbon.
• The project was completed in 1540 by Diogo de Torralva, who carried the design to its final execution.
• Unlike the ornate Manueline style that preceded it, the chapel is a pure Renaissance structure, emphasizing:
  • Symmetry and proportionality, inspired by classical Roman and Italian Renaissance architecture.
  • Elegance and simplicity, moving away from late Gothic embellishments.
  • Harmonious geometric forms, particularly in the chapel’s dome and arches.

Significance of the Chapel

• Originally planned as the royal burial site for King John III, it was later abandoned for this purpose.
• Considered one of the most beautiful Renaissance buildings in Portugal, it exemplifies the transition from Manueline to Renaissance styles.
• The clarity and refinement of its architecture influenced later Portuguese religious buildings.

Conclusion: A Landmark of the Portuguese Renaissance

The Chapel of Our Lady of the Conception at Tomar stands as a remarkable example of Portugal’s embrace of the Italian Renaissance. With its pure classical forms, elegant proportions, and historical significance, it remains one of the most important Renaissance structures in Portugal.