The Austrian protectorate has had dramatic effects in Bosnia, especially in the rapid expansion of road and rail communications linked to areas where minerals and forests are being exploited.

The administration attempts to buttress its position by courting the Muslim landlords, and therefore divides the indigenous Slavic population.

Within the Habsburg lands north of the Sava and Danube, political change also redefines the situation of the Serb diaspora.

The Ausgleich of 1867, establishing the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary, had tied Dalmatia to Vienna while ...