The island of Timor is divided between Portugal and the Netherlands in 1859.

The island has been politically divided in two parts for centuries.

The Dutch and Portuguese had fought for control of the island until dividing it by treaty in 1859, but they still will not formally resolve the matter of the boundary until 1912.

West Timor, will be known as Dutch Timor until 1949 when it will become Indonesian Timor, a part of the nation of Indonesia formed from the old Netherlands East Indies, while East Timor will be known as Portuguese Timor, a Portuguese colony until 1975.

It includes the exclave of Oecussi-Ambeno in West Timor.