His initial aim is to take control of the upper Scheldt basin and thereby gain access to the heart of the Austrian Netherlands.

To these ends, he first besieges the fortress of Tournai, protecting the siege with his main force about five miles (nine kilometers) southeast of the town.

In order to relieve Tournai, the allies first decide to attack Saxe's position—a naturally strong feature, hinged on the village of Fontenoy and further strengthened by defensive works.

After failing to make progress on the flanks—the Dutch on the left, Brigadier Ingolsby's brigade on the right—Cumberland decided to smash his way through the center without securing the flanks of his main attack.

Despite devastating flanking fire the allied column, made up of British and Hanoverian infantry, bursts through the French lines to the point of victory.

Only when Saxe concentrates all available infantry, cavalry, and artillery is the column forced to yield.

The allies retreat in good order, conducting a fighting withdrawal.

The battle has shown, however, the strength of a defensive force relying on firepower and a strong reserve.