Saul, the son of Elkanah, from the …
Years: 1017BCE - 1006BCE
Saul, the son of Elkanah, from the tribe of Ephraim, is identified in the Books of Samuel as having been appointed the first king of the Kingdom of Israel.
According to the Hebrew scriptures, David, a son of Jesse, from the tribe of Judah, enters the army of Saul and rises quickly to the rank of commander, becoming close friends with Saul’s son Jonathan.
Saul’s judgment has begun to self-destruct due to the lack of religious support coupled with Saul's growing envy and suspicion of his brilliant young commander.
The original purpose of the Biblical story of David and Goliath was to show David's identity as the true king of Israel.
Goliath or Goliath of Gath is a giant Philistine warrior defeated by the young David in the Bible's Books of Samuel (1 Samuel 17).
The earliest Bible manuscripts, such as the fourth-century CE Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209, narrate that Goliath challenges the Israelites to combat, the Israelites are afraid, and David, already with Saul, accepts the challenge.
The oldest manuscripts—the Dead Sea Scrolls text of Samuel, the first century historian Josephus, and the fourth century Septuagint manuscripts—all give his height as "four cubits and a span" (six feet nine inches or 2.06 meters).
The victory of an unarmored slinger and his five stone bullets against an armored swordsman of superior size and strength illustrates the utility of the slingshot as a combat weapon.
Saul's jealousy finally forces David to flee.
He seeks refuge first as a bandit leader, then as a Philistine mercenary.
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Years: 1017BCE - 1006BCE
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