Archbishop Arnulf, joining Henry II in Bergamo, crowns him as King of Italy on May 14, 1004, in Pavia.
Unlike his predecessors, Henry II will wear two crowns (one for Germany and one for Italy) from this date instead of a common crown for both realms.
The following night, the inhabitants of Pavia revolt against the rule of Henry II, who II order his troops to massacre the population in response.
The city is nearly destroyed.
After receiving the homage of the remaining Italian nobles, Henry II returns to Germany in the early summer of 1004 without first traveling to Rome to claim the Imperial crown.
This is most likely due to opposition from Pope John XVIII.
Henry II will not return to Italy for a decade, leaving the kingdom to govern itself.
Henry II returns to Germany to take military action against the rebellious Duke Boleslaw I of Poland.
This frees Arduin to attack the bishops who had backed the German invaders.