Rome has founded thirteen colonies against the …
Years: 297BCE - 286BCE
Rome has founded thirteen colonies against the Samnites during the period 334–295 BCE, and created six new rustic tribes in annexed territory.
The Campanian cities, Italian or Greek, through which Rome has been involved in the Samnite wars, Capua and others, are now allies of Rome, with varying degrees of independence.
Roman military colonies are settled in Campania as well as on the eastern outskirts of Samnium.
The Romans are alarmed when they see the Etruscans and Gauls in northern Italy joining the Samnites.
The Romans have benefited from a lack of coordination among its enemies, but now Rome faces them all at once.
Some relief comes with a victory over the Samnites in the South, but the crucial battle for Italy takes place in 295 at Sentinum in Umbria, in Central Italy, where more troops are engaged than any previous battle in Italy.
The Romans at first give way before an attack by Gauls in chariots.
The Romans, benefiting from their self-discipline, the quality of their military legions, and their military leadership, then rally and crush the Samnites and Gauls.
The stubborn Samnites fight on nevertheless until a final defeat in 291 BCE makes further resistance hopeless, and in the following year, peace is made on more favorable terms for the Samnites than Rome would have granted any less dogged foe.
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Years: 297BCE - 286BCE
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