Roman military operations continue in many frontier areas.

Recalcitrant Alpine tribes are reduced in 25 BCE.

The town of Aosta, settled in proto-historic times, had become a center of the Salassi, of present Valle d'Aosta, a region in the Alps of northwestern Italy, bordering France and Switzerland.

At the lower end of their territory are gold mines, which the Roman Republic had taken in 143 BCE.

In 100 BCE, the city of Eporedia (modern Ivrea) had been founded in the basin at the bottom of the area.

Relations with the Romans have not been uniformly peaceful; Strabo mentions that the Salassi robbed Julius Caesar's treasury and threw rocks on his legions on the grounds that they were making roads and building bridges.

There may have been a Roman campaign against the Salassi in 35 or 34 BCE under Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus or Antistius Vetus.

For their last decade of freedom, the Salassi (with some other, mainly Alpine, tribes subjugated by 14 BCE) are almost the only remaining groups not under Roman control in the Mediterranean basin.

After the Battle of Actium in 31 BCE the Roman world has been united under one ruler, Augustus, who can concentrate Roman forces against remaining holdouts.

The end of independence for the Salassi comes in 25 BCE at the hands of Aulus Terentius Varro Murena, who founds a Roman colony in the territory of the Salassi, Augusta Praetoria Salassorum, a well-fortified city protected by two streams.

Strabo records that two thousand Salassi were killed and all the survivors, nearly forty thousand men, women, and children, were taken to Eporedia and sold into slavery.

However, some remain; an inscription found near the west gate of Augusta Praetoria Salassorum, founded as a colony housing three thousand retired veteran, is a dedication to Augustus dated 23 BCE of a statue (?)

by "the Salassi who had joined the colony from its beginning."

In the ensuing centuries of Roman peace, the Salassi disappear from history.