Relations between Paul and the Corinthians have deteriorated into open conflict by the time he writes the second Letter to the Corinthians, which reveal Paul's zeal, strength, closeness to Christ, and feelings for his communities.

The early chapters largely reflect past conflict over the Corinthians' behavior, the rejection of Paul's apostolic authority by some, and subsequent reconciliation.

Next come distinct appeals for contributions to be given to the Jerusalem church, and finally Paul’s emotional defense of his life and ministry against adversaries claiming to have authority above Paul's.

Paul defends himself against rival missionaries who boast of their own attainments, arguing that God can accomplish his purposes through the weakest of human instruments.