Immediately before the so-called Hep-Hep riots began in August, the Bavarian Diet had completed a debate on further emancipation of the Jews throughout the Kingdom.

Amos Elon will write in his 2002 book The Pity of It All: A History of the Jews in Germany, 1743–1933:

    In some places, attempts were made to return Jews to their old medieval status. The free city of Frankfurt reinstated parts of the medieval statute that restricted the rights of Jews. As of 1816 only twelve Jewish couples were allowed to marry each year. The 400,000 gulden the community had paid the city government in 1811 in return for its emancipation were declared forfeited. In the Rhineland, which had reverted to Prussian control, Jews lost the citizenship rights they had been granted under the French and were no longer allowed to practice certain professions. The few who had been appointed to public office before the war were summarily dismissed.