Perugia, originally an Umbrian settlement, first appears in written history as Perusia, one of the twelve confederate cities of Etruria; a flourishing settlement situated on a hilltop overlooking the Tiber River about eighty-five miles (one hundred and thirty-five kilometers) north of Rome, it is first mentioned in Q. Fabius Pictor's account, utilized by Livy, of the expedition carried out against the Etruscan league by Fabius Maximus Rullianus in 310 or 309 BCE.

The same year, the Romans subdue the allied cities of …

…Tarquinia and …

…Sutri, which had rebelled jointly.

Rome and Etruria agree in 308 BCE on a thirty-year indutiae (truce).