The Reign of Louis VI and the Capetian Expansion (1108–1137)

With the accession of Louis VI in 1108, the Capetian dynasty consolidated its hold over the Île-de-France, while extending its influence into the broader Frankish realm. Unlike his predecessors, who struggled to assert control over the powerful feudal lords, Louis VI actively engaged in campaigns to subdue rebellious vassals, particularly in regions bordering Atlantic West Europe, such as Normandy, Anjou, and Aquitaine. His reign marked a gradual strengthening of royal authority, often in alliance with the Church, which saw the king as a protector against unruly barons.

One of Louis VI's most significant conflicts was with Henry I of England, whose control over Normandy placed French royal interests in direct opposition to the Anglo-Norman realm. The battle for dominance in Normandy became a recurring struggle between the Capetians and the Angevin rulers of England, setting the stage for centuries of conflict. Although the French monarchy remained weaker than its Anglo-Norman rival, Louis VI laid the groundwork for Capetian resilience, particularly through the use of strategic marriages and alliances.

His son, Louis VII, inherited the throne in 1137, bringing with him a union that would momentarily strengthen Capetian claims—his marriage to Eleanor of Aquitaine, the most powerful noblewoman in France.