Korean potters manufacture high-quality green Koryo ware.

In 1234, Koreans invent a new printing system with moveable type, allowing the ready dissemination of Buddhist and Confucian writings.

The Jin emperor flees in 1234, sacrifices his wives, and hangs himself.

After the victorious besiegers enter Kaifeng, Ögödei’s Chinese advisor Yeh-lü Ch'u-ts'ai directs the saving of both valuable artifacts and buildings, obtains mercy for scholars and peasants, and prevents wanton looting and slaughter.

The remaining Jurzhen withdraw to Manchuria (where they will eventually become known as Manchus).

Song general Meng Gong defeats the Jin general Wu Xian and directs his troops to besiege the city of Caizhou, to which the last emperor of the Jurchen has fled.

With the help of the Mongols, the Song armies are finally able to extinguish the Jin Dynasty that has occupied northern China for more than a century.

Dominic is canonized in 1234; this same year, Pope Gregory IX has the papal decretals on canon law collected and published as the “Decretales,” in 1234.

Theobald IV, Count of Champagne, succeeds his uncle Sancho VII of Navarre as King of Navarre in 1234.

In Pamplona at the time of Sancho's death, the new monarch, as Theobald I, immediately affirms the fueros of the realm.

This greatly increases his resources (not to mention his prestige), and the remaining years of his rule will be peaceful and prosperous.

The Stedingers are Frisian peasants who refuse to pay tithes to the Archbishop of Bremen.

The archbishop had excommunicated them, and Pope Gregory IX had declared a crusade in 1232.

The peasants on May 27, 1234, lose the Battle of Altenesch and are destroyed.

A truce is reached in March 1234 between the king and Richard Marshal, the condition of which is the removal of Peter de Rivaux from court.

Meanwhile, however, conflict has broken out in Ireland between Marshal's brothers and some of the king's supporters.

Hostilities follow, and …

…Richard makes an alliance with the Welsh prince Llywelyn the Great.

He crosses from Wales to Ireland, where Peter des Roches had allegedly instigated his enemies to attack him.

Marshal is overpowered and wounded at the Battle of the Curragh by forces led by Maurice FitzGerald, Justiciar of Ireland, and on April 16, 1234, dies of his wounds while being held prisoner.

Marshal's popularity also means that his death is mourned in England, while the Poitevins—who are rumored to have instigated the Irish war—fall further into disregard.

Peter des Rivaux, in effect Henry's chief minister from 1232 onward, has held positions in the king's household and had been installed as sheriff (or granted the power to appoint sheriffs in his stead) for some twenty-one shires.

His administration includes Stephen Segrave (high sheriff of several counties), Henry of Bath (high sheriff of Gloucestershire), Robert Papelew and Brian de Lisle, and has achieved a centralization under his hand of much royal revenue.

He also holds the office of Lord High Treasurer from January 14, 1233, but falls dramatically from power in 1234, consequent on the death of Richard Marshal, Third Earl of Pembroke, which is attributed to machinations of Peter des Roches.

For a time, Peter de Rivaux and associates are proclaimed traitors.

Some partial rehabilitation follows.